منابع مشابه
The pipid root.
The estimation of phylogenetic relationships is an essential component of understanding evolution. Accurate phylogenetic estimation is difficult, however, when internodes are short and old, when genealogical discordance is common due to large ancestral effective population sizes or ancestral population structure, and when homoplasy is prevalent. Inference of divergence times is also hampered by...
متن کاملPhylogenetic relationships of the pipid frogs Xenopus and Silurana: an integration of ribosomal DNA and morphology.
Relationships of the pipid frog genus Silurana (= Xenopus tropicalis group of some authors) are of particular interest to developmental and molecular biologists because of the purported ancestral (i.e., unduplicated) karyotype of S. tropicalis relative to the genus Xenopus. Although most previous studies have assumed that Silurana is the sister group of Xenopus, recent morphological work sugges...
متن کاملPhylogenetic Relationships of the Pipid Frogs Xenopus and SSuratta: An Integration of Ribosomal DNA and Morphology’
Relationships of the pipid frog genus Silurana ( = Xenopus tropicalis group of some authors) are of particular interest to developmental and molecular biologists because of the purported ancestral (i.e., unduplicated) karyotype of S. tropicaks relative to the genus Xenopus. Although most previous studies have assumed that SiZuruna is the sister group of Xenopus, recent morphological work sugges...
متن کاملOn the square root of quadratic matrices
Here we present a new approach to calculating the square root of a quadratic matrix. Actually, the purpose of this article is to show how the Cayley-Hamilton theorem may be used to determine an explicit formula for all the square roots of $2times 2$ matrices.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Systematic Biology
سال: 2012
ISSN: 1076-836X,1063-5157
DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/sys039